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小杉谷集落は、大正から昭和にかけて林業や製炭などに従事する人々が暮らしていた集落。標高660m の森の中に最盛期には133 世帯540 人が暮らし、小・中学校も設置されるなど、林業に携わる多くの人々が暮らしていた。しかし、高度経済成長期の木材不足を背景とした、1957 年の林野庁による屋久杉生立木伐採の正式解禁に伴い、小杉谷周辺の斜面は皆伐される。半世紀に及ぶ伐採により屋久杉は切り尽くされ、森林保護の動きも活発に起こった事もあり、1970年小杉谷事業所は閉鎖。住民は山を下り廃村となった。

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From the Taisho era to the Showa era, people engaged in forestry and charcoal making lived in Kosugidani village. At its peak, 540 people in 133 households lived in the forest at an altitude of 660m, and many people involved in forestry, including an elementary and junior high school, lived there. However, in 1957, against the backdrop of a shortage of timber during the period of high economic growth, the forestry agency officially lifted the ban on felling trees in Yakusugi in 1957, and the slopes around Kosugidani were cleared. After half a century of logging, the Yakusugi cedar trees were cut down, and in 1970 the Kosugidani Office was closed due to the active movement to protect the forest. The inhabitants descended from the mountains and became an abandoned village.

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提供協力：屋久島森林生態系保全センター